Abstract

Gut microbiota refers to the population of microorganisms that inhabit the mucous membrane of the intestines of normal healthy persons. The gut microbiota is of vital importance for health as it helps in maintaining the homeostasis. Still, some ecological changes in the microbiota enable pathogens to grow explicitly and cause disease. A grasping of the environment of gut and interactions amongst microbiota guide towards the foremost cause of start of diseases. Our future holistic health depends on maintaining normal gut microbiota rather than treating with reductionist chemical drugs which have many adverse effects and cumbersome. This article briefs about the role of gut microbiota in health and disease.

Keywords: SCF’s (Short chain fatty acids); Autoimmune disease; Cancer; Dysbiosis; NF-kB; Infectious diseases; Microbiota- gut- brain axis; Oral microbiota

Abbreviations: IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12: Interleukin-1, Interleukin-2, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-12; TNF-a: Tumor Necrosis Factor- Alpha; NF-kB: Nuclear Factor- Kappa B Receptor; STAT-3: Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3; TLR: Toll Like Receptor; Th1, Th2: Type 1 Helper Cells, Type 2 Helper Cells; MMP -2,9: Matrix-Metallo Proteases; CDI: C Difficile Infection; BT: Bacterial Translocation; MDD: Major Depressive Disorder